Calculating machine driving mechanism and the like



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CALCULATING MACHINE DRIVING MECHANISM AND THE LIKE Original Filed Nov. 6, 1950 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 1'7 INVENTOR {await e -64 s W1 (NM/Lam 3,098,609 CALCULATING MACHINE DRIVENG MECHANlSM AND THE LIKE William S. Gubelmann, deceased, late of Convent, N.J., by Walter S. Gnbelmann, executor, ()yster Bay, N.Y.; said William S. Gnhelmann assignor to Realty and industrial Corporation, a corporation of Delaware ()riginal application Nov. 6, 1950, Ser. No. 194,273, now Patent No. 2,969,177, dated Jan. 24, 1961. Divided and this application Oct. 7, 1960, Ser. No. 61,322

24 Claims. (Cl. 23562) This invention relates to machines having several independently operable mechanisms and has particular reference to driving means for operating the several mechanisms either individually or concurrently in various combinations.

More specifically, the invention relates to automatically powered motor means which continually exerts drive forces on each of several driving units, each of which operates a different mechanism upon actuation of initiating keys appropriate to that driving unit, each of such mechanisms include controls operable automatically for initiating sequential operation of others of the driving units.

An object of the invention is to provide a calculating machine in which there is a power drive shaft coupled to a motive source through a spring-type energy accumulator, the construction being such as to employ the motive source to maintain the energy accumulator at all times in a state of readiness to turn the power drive shaft without the need for continuously running the motive source.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which there are several discrete mechanisms, operable independently, a spring type actuator common to said mechanisms and normally in wound condition for operating said mechanisms through several cycles of operation, and a motive source coupled to said actuator for restoring said actuator to wound condition, said motive source being brought into operation automatically by said actuator when said actuator unwinds a predetermined extent.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which there is an ordinally shiftable carriage, several discrete mechanisms operable individually, one of said mechanisms being a shifting mechanism for traversing said carriage and the others being computing mechanisms, a spring-type actuator common to said mechanisms and normally in wound condition for operating said mechanisms through several cycles of operations, an initiating means individual to each mechanism and operable for instituting a cycle of operations of the respective mechanism, and means individual to each initiating means for each computing mechanism and effective for preventing actuation of the respective initiating means when said carriage is blocked, as by a wall, partition, etc., between two adjacent ordinal positions.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which there is a main power drive shaft connected to a wound spring energy accumulator which in turn is coupled to a motive source for being maintained thereby in a substantially wound condition to drive the shaft, the device including a plurality of discrete drive units carried by the main power drive shaft and means drivingly coupling the drive units with the power drive shaft for being turned thereby selectively individually, or in combinations or groups for driving any section or sections of the calculator as needed for various computation operations.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which there is a main power drive shaft continuously impelled to rotate, a plurality of discrete sleeve members rotatably carried on the main power drive shaft and coupled by novel planenite rates atent tary gear means to the drive shaft for being driven thereby individually or in groups, each of the sleeve members carrying thereon suitable cams for cyclically actuating the related portions of the calculating machine such as for multiplication, division, addition, subtraction, and carriage shifting, and also including novel stop-start means for each sleeve member for effecting stopping and allowing starting of the related sleeve member.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which there is a spring motor automatically maintained in wound condition by a source of motive power, a main power distributing drive shaft connected to the spring motor for being continuously impelled thereby to rotate, there being, for example, three sleeve-based individual cam carrying drive units, each rotatable on the main shaft for actuating its related mechanism, such as for multiplication and division computations and for carriage shifting, a first differential being rotatably mounted on the main shaft and engaged directly with two of the drive units for rotating the drive units individually or concurrently, there being a second differential pinned to the main shaft for being turned directly thereby, the first differential being engaged with the second differential through a supplemental sleeve and with the third of said drive units for directly rotating the third drive unit and the second differential individually or'concurrently, and also including novel shock absorbing stop-start devices, each individual to and normally engaged with its own drive unit for blocking rotation thereof and of said main shaft when all drive units are blocked, the stop-start devices being selectively operable, each to disengage from its related drive unit thereby liberating said drive unit and said drive shaft to rotate.

Still a further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculator of the type described, in which the main power drive shaft extends through a number of coaxial sleeve-based drive units each being intended for actuating its own related mechanism, such as for multiplication and division computation and for carriage shifting, the construction being such as to allow the main drive shaft to turn only when any one of the drive units or combinations thereof are unblocked for being rotated by the main shaft, and so that blocking of all the drive units against rotation simultaneously blocks turning of the main drive shaft, thereby conserving the stored energy provided for rotating the main shaft and hence making it feasible to employ a spring-type energy accumulator for driving the main shaft, and to use a relatively small compact conventional type of electric motor for automatically periodically restoring the spring to suitably wound condition.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculator including a main drive shaft and one or more driving units continually urged thereby to rotate, each driving unit including a plurality of cams turnable therewith and also novel stopping and starting means including a detent normally extending into the path of one of the cams to block turning of the cam and therethrough of the driving unit, there being a rockable latching means normally holding the detent in blocking position, the latch means being responsive to both automatic and manual actuation for allowing disengagement of the detent from the drive unit thereby initiating rotation of the drive unit, and including a cam follower actuated by another of the cams for returning the detent into the path of the related cam for stopping the cam at the completion of one revolution, there being a tensioned spring cooperating with the detent for taking up and cushioning the stopping shock, and a spring adjusting means for varying the tension effect of the spring.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which there is a shiftable carriage, a multiorder register, multiplying, dividing and carriage shifting mechanisms, there being a source of motive power, and also individual driving units for each of the mechanisms, and continuously under rotative bias, with a plurality of specialized controls for bringing about and coordinating efficient programing of sequence of operations of the involved driving units as required, depending on the type of computation and the resulting digital values involved, whereby the necessary cycling of the driving units is reduced to a minimum.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved stop-start device for use in a calculator in which device there is a first plate member turnable with a driving unit of the calculator, and a second plate member resiliently secured to the first plate member for turning substantially therewith, there also being a detent releasably engageable with the second plate member for stopping its motion and consequently halting the driving unit quickly while absorbing any resulting shock to the parts, the stop-start device being compact and made of few parts to fit easily into the machine and being sturdy and rugged in use.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved calculating machine in which the construction of the major computing mechanism and means for driving them is such that the successive operations during the division computation are not dependent upon the occurrence of an overdraft involving negative nines in each cycle of operations, and hence the need for eliminating said negative nines is largely avoided.

The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will be more readily understood upon reference to the following disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that those skilled in the art will be enabled to apply the teachings of this disclosure to various modifications as intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims. The specification is directed to an exemplary embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a top face view of a calculating machine embodying the invention, the carriage being shown in fragment in its leftmost position;

FIGURE 1a is a fragmentary top face view similar to that of FIGURE 1, but showing the carriage shifted all the way to the right;

FIGURE 1b is a fragmentary right side view of the carrier bail for the entry mechanism of the main body, showing also one of the entry mechanism gears and an order of the carriage borne gears and dial;

FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of the machine frame;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary view of the carriage feed bar and of the means cooperating therewith to shift the carriage;

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary sectional right side view of two differentials of the driving mechanism;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary, partly broken out detailed top View of a transverse frame member;

FIGURE 6 is a fragmentary sectioned View of the drive shaft, and including, among other parts, three power units, two differentials for connecting the drive units with the shaft and a governor for one of the drive units;

FIGURE 7 is a left side view of a governor means for one of the power units in FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 8 is a left sectional elevational view of a governor taken on plane 8-8 in FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 9 is a fragmentary right side elevation taken on plane 9-9 of FIGURE 1 and showing the multiplying power unit stop-start means, the multiplier keys and means operable thereby for triggering the stop-start means;

FIGURE 10 is a schematic and partly diagrammatic illustration of the three power units, and of the several controls for initiating sequential operations of One unit by another unit in combinations dependent on the type of problem being commputed;

FIGURE 11 is a fragmentary right side elevation of the single step shift control for the carriage power unit stop-start means, the 0 multiplier key and the means operable thereby for triggering the arresting means and rendering the control effective;

FIGURE 12 is a fragmentary right side view of the add and subtract keys and means operable thereby for triggering the multiplying power unit stop-start means;

FIGURE 13 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the carriage shifting power unit stop-start means, several shift keys and means operable by the keys on the stop-start means for effecting carriage shift operations;

FIGURE 14 is a fragmentary partly sectioned perspective view showing principally the division power unit stopstart means and controls operable on the stop-start means for effecting operation of the division power unit, including the control responsive to a division key and another control operable by the carriage shifting power unit;

FIGURE 15 is a fragmentary left side elevation of control means operable on the carriage power stop-start means shown in FIGURE 13 for effecting carriage shift operations, including a control operable by the multiplying power unit when registration of a product is completed, another control operable by the multiplying power unit when the overdrafting amount in division is restored and the too large trial quotient value is 1, and still another control operable by the division power unit when the trial quotient value is 0, also a part of the division terminating control and the non-shift control;

FIGURE 16 is a fragmentary left side sectional view of the carriage shift mechanism taken substantially on plane 116-116 of FIGURE 18 and of the governor for controlling the rate of operation of the mechanism and carriage power unit;

FIGURE 17 is a sectional elevational illustration of one of two similar pairs of scroll gears of the carriage shift mechanism;

FIGURE 18 is a fragmentary front elevation illustrating the carriage shift mechanism and a part of the carriage power unit with which the mechanism is normally coupled for leftward shift operation;

FIGURE 19 is a fragmentary top plan view of the tabulating mechanism, including the selective tabulating keys and clearing keys therefor;

FIGURE 20 is a sectioned view of a compressible cylinder carried by the carriage for actuating the tabulating mechanism;

FIGURE 21 is a sectioned view of the cylinder in FIG- URE 20 in its compressed state;

FIGURE 22 is a fragmentary right side elevation of the bail means for rendering the tabulating mechanism operable at a preselected order;

FIGURE 23 is a fragmentary sectional left side View taken substantially on plane 23-23 of FIGURE 19 showing the lowest or left-most order section of the tabulating mechanism for causing the carriage to stop at its right extreme position, and of the means for clearing a depressed tabulating key;

FIGURE 24 is a fragmentary sectional side elevational view showing an order of the tabulating mechanism intermediate the extreme orders, the view being taken substantially on plane 2424 of FIGURE 19;

FIGURE 25 is a partly sectional fragmentary perspective illustration of means operable by several carriage shift keys and by the division tabulation key for causing the carriage power unit to render the tabulation mechanism operable by the carriage at a selected ordinal position, and of means operable by the tabulating mechanism on the carriage power unit arresting or stop-start means for stopping the carriage at the preselected position;

FIGURE 26 is a partly sectional fragmentary perspective view of means for preventing initiation of division operations when the carriage is stopped at other than an ordinal position and for preventing an untimely shift of the carriage during cycling of the division power unit, and

of means for preventing an untimely shift of the carriage during cycling of the multiplying power unit;

FIGURE 27 is a right side elevation of an element of the mechanism for rendering the tabulation mechanism operable;

FIGURE 28 is a fragmentary perspective view of means for preventing initiation of multiplying operations when the carriage is stopped at other than an ordinal position and for preventing an untimely shift of the carriage during the initial phase of the multiplymg power unit revolution;

FIGURE 29 is a front detail elevation of a rocker means actuatable by the tabulating mechanism, also shown in perspective in the upper portion of FIGURE 25;

FIGURE 30 is a sectional left side elevation taken substantially on plane 3ti-3d of FIGURE 1 and showing a spring motor for driving the main drive shaft also shown in FIGURE 6, means for rewinding the spring and an automatic control for starting and stopping rewinding operations;

FIGURE 31 is a front elevation as seen from the right of FIGURE 30 principally of the spring motor and the rewinding means shown in FIGURE 30;

FIGURE 32 is a sectioned front elevation of the spring motor taken on plane 32-32 of FIGURE 30, the view omitting the inner coil spring for clarity;

FIGURE 33 is a fragmentary perspective view of the rewinding gears and coupling means therebetween;

FIGURE 34 is a fragmentary perspective view of the gear train of the spring motor and rewinding means;

FIGURE 35 is a fragmentary sectioned perspective of part of the automatic rewinding control;

FIGURE 36 is a front elevation of the automatic rewinding control;

FIGURE 37 is a fragmentary perspective of some of the elements shown in FIGURE 36.

The specification may for convenience be divided into the following eight major topics:

(1) General Description (2) Multiplying Power Unit and Stop Start Means (3) Carriage Shifting Power Unit and Arresting Means (4) Division Power Unit and Arresting Means (5) Tabulation (6) Driving Mechanism (7) Governors (8) Improperly Stopped Carriage Safeguards References in the specification to direction such as forward, rearward, rightward, leftward, etc., are with respect to the machine as viewed in FIGURE 1, unless otherwise specified.

This application is a division of my copending application, Serial No. 194,273, filed November 6, 1950, for a Calculating Machine, now issued Patent No. 2,969,177, filed November 6, 1950 and issued January 24, 1961, and retitled as for Partial Product Calculating Machine.

(1) General Description The machine in which the present invention is embodied is disclosed in detail in the aforementioned parent application, Serial No. 194,273, filed November 6, 1950, now Patent No, 2,969,17 7, to which reference may be had for a complete disclosure not otherwise mentioned herein. A brief summary of the machine and its operations, however, is presented herewith in order to facilitate understanding of the invention and its interaction with various mechanisms of the machine.

The machine shown in FIG. 1 embodies predetermined partial product and quotient representations in a multiplying and a dividing mechanism respectively; a shiftable carriage which carries accumulator registers 1 and 2, with a carriage shifting mechanism; several banks of keys 3 for setting up factors in various computations; a bank of multiplier keys 4, each of which serves to initiate a multiplying cycle of operations; initiating keys for addition, subtraction and division computations, and for carriage 6 shift; a tabulating mechanism, and an automatically powered motor, and also including three actuating units constantly urged rotatively by the motor for actuating the multiplying, dividing and shifting mechanisms. Hereinafter, each actuating unit is referred to respectively as the multiplying, dividing and carriage power or drive unit.

Results and factors of the various computations are indicated in ordinally disposed dials or number wheels of registers 1, 2 and 2a as follows: Register 1, carried by the carriage, can indicate the multiplier, quotient, or the number of items in addition or subtraction, as the case may be and, alternatively, the complement of any of the foregoing. Register 2, also carried by the carriage, can indicate the product, dividend, sum, difference, or such complements thereof as are desired. Stationary register 2a shows for easy reading a currently set up factor on keys 3. The numerals on the number wheels are visible through suitable apertures on the respective overlying cover plates.

This machine, commonly known as a four rules calculator, performs the arithmetical calculations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division automatically.

Multiplication is direct, as distinguished from repeated addition in that the machine multiplies in a manner close- 1y analogous to the operational method used in mental computations. Representations of products for digits 0 to 9 times 1 to 9 are provided :on multiplication plates which are selected and set-up respectively in accordance with the separate digits of the multiplicand and each multiplier digit. The partial products thus obtained are integrated into the final product. Depression of a key 3, value 1 to 9 in a bank selects the products of that value times the digits 1 to 9. Each multiplierkey 4 for values 1 to 9 serves as an initiatory control for effecting operation of the computing or multiplying mechanism and exercises a control over the same for setting up the multiplicand digit selected multiplication element according to the value of the multiplier key, so that the pertinent partial product on each plate is at a sensing position. The multiplying or computing mechanism includes means for sensing and integrating the values of the set-up representations and entry means controlled thereby for operating registers 2 and 1 to indicate the product and multiplier respectively. A cycle of multiplying operations also includes the operation of automatically initiating an ordinal shift of the carriage. Depression of the 0 value key 4 initiates an ordinal shift of the carriage without first having to excite the computating mechanism.

Addition and subtraction calculations are performed by automatically treating the factors thereof as multiplicands and multiplying the factors by 1. Add key 5 and subtract key 6 are in effect 1 value multiplier keys, but the cycles of operations instituted thereby do not include the operation of automatically initiating a shift cycle. The product thus obtained of a subtrahend is registered subtractively by the dials of the register therefor. Selective means is also provided for effecting subtractive registration of other products.

Selectively operable keys 7, S and 9 are provided for controlling the direction of shift and non-shift of the carriage, as for multiplication. With key 7 in depressed position, the automatic ordinal shift of the carriage will be leftward, but with key 9 in depressed position instead, the ordinal shift of the carriage will the rightward, as indicated by the arrows on these keys. In each instance, the carriage will shift in the opposite direction to a preselected start position with the use of carriage return key 10. With key 8 in depressed position the automatically operated shift initiating means is normally disabled.

The tabulating mechanism is of the type which stops the carriage at an ordinal position by directly blocking operation of the carriage power unit. The tabulating mechanism is brought into operation each time the carriage shifts to either end position. A similar opera- 

20. A MOTIVATING DEVICE COMPRISING AN OUTPUT SHAFT SUPPORTED FOR ROTATION ABOUT ITS AXIS, MOTOR MEANS ENGAGING SAID OUTPUT SHAFT FOR ROTATING SAID SHAFT, FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD DRIVE UNIT MEANS CARRIED ON SAID SHAFT FOR ROTATION THEREON, EACH SAID DRIVE UNIT MEANS COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF MEANS ROTATABLE THEREWITH, TRANSMISSION MEANS BETWEEN EACH OF SAID DRIVE UNIT MEANS AND SAID OUTPUT SHAFT AND ROTATED BY SAID SHAFT, FOR OPERATING SAID DRIVE UNIT MEANS AND STOP MEANS FOR ENGAGING ANY OF SAID DRIVE UNIT MEANS FOR STOPPING THE ROTATION OF SAID DRIVE UNIT MEANS. 